Web Survey Bibliography
Relevance & Research Question:
Even though online chats have been around for a long time, the tremendous success of WhatsApp and Facebook messenger have fundamentally changed how people interact and exchange information. With the appearance of “intelligent”, machine-learning based chatbots we assume that the areas of application will become even more versatile which leads to the question how we can utilize chatbots for market research purposes.
Chatbots consist of two components: (a) the frontend for the user as the point of interaction and (b) a backend, often based on Natural Language Processing algorithms that handles the user requests and sends appropriate responses back to the user.
Focusing on the frontend, we wondered how a chat interface impacts answer behavior. We were especially curious to understand the effect on response rates, data quality and survey fatigue by engaging in a conversational manner.
Methods & Data:
We developed a Chatbot interface which delivers survey questions to the user. Our aim was to create a non-obstructive, responsive frontend that feels familiar to users of messenger services. A sample of 600 participants from a commercial online panel was randomly assigned to either a traditional online questionnaire or a Chatbot interface. Both questionnaires included exactly the same questions covering topics concerning media consumption and mobility, as well as questions on the perception of the questionnaire itself. Different answer types were presented to the respondent, such as open questions, Likert scales and Multiple Choice questions.
(The study was pre-registered at http://aspredicted.org/blind.php/?x=cb5c
Results:
Results will be available in early January 2017.
Added Value:
Chatbots as survey frontends do not only offer a new but familiar interface for respondents. They allow the integration within different contexts using developer APIs for Facebook Messenger or other messaging services. This allows to recruit and survey participants very easily without the need to redirect them to a separate questionnaire.
Thus, it is important to evaluate benefits and potential pitfalls gained from using such frontends. Especially, when future applications of chatbots in online surveys include AI capabilities to analyze responses and adapt questions in real-time.
Web survey bibliography - Marketing/business (336)
- Achieving Strong Privacy in Online Survey; 2017; Zhou, Yo.; Zhou, Yi.; Chen, S.; Wu, S. S.
- Where, When, How and with What Do Panel Interviews Take Place and Is the Quality of Answers Affected...; 2017; Niebruegge, S.
- Is There a Future for Surveys; 2017; Miller, P. V.
- Mobile Research im Kontext der digitalen Transformation; 2017; Friedrich-Freksa, M.
- Virtual reality meets sensory research; 2017; Depoortere, L.
- Online customer journey analysis: a data science toolbox; 2017; Bonnay, D.
- Comparing Twitter and Online Panels for Survey Recruitment of E-Cigarette Users and Smokers; 2016; Guillory, J.; Kim, A.; Murphy, J.; Bradfield, B.; Nonnemaker, J.; Hsieh, Y. P.
- Statistical Design for Online Experiments Across Desktops, Tablets, Smartphones (and Maybe Wearable...; 2016; Qian, P.; Sadeghi, S.; Arora, N. K.
- FocusVision 2015 Annual MR Technology Report; 2016; Macer, T., Wilson, S.
- The Effects of a Delayed Incentive on Response Rates, Response Mode, Data Quality, and Sample Bias in...; 2016; McGonagle, K., Freedman, V. A.
- A look at the unique data-gathering process behind the Harvard Impact Study; 2016; Vitale, J.
- Are sliders too slick for surveys?; 2016; Buskirk, T. D.
- Evaluating Online Labor Markets for Experimental Research: Amazon.com's Mechanical Turk; 2016; Berinsky, A.; Huber, G. A.; Lenz, G. S.
- Web-based versus Paper-based Survey Data: An Estimation of Road Users’ Value of Travel Time Savings...; 2016; Kato, H.; Sakashita, A.; Tsuchiya, Tak.
- An Examination of Opposing Responses on Duplicated Multi-Mode Survey Responses; 2016; Djangali, A.
- Scientific Surveys Based on Incomplete Sampling Frames and High Rates of Nonresponse; 2016; Fahimi, M.; Barlas, F. M.; Thomas, R. K.; Buttermore, N. R.
- Adapting Labour Force Survey questions from interviewer-administered modes for web self-completion in...; 2015; Betts, P.; Cubbon, B.
- Internet Panels, Professional Respondents, and Data Quality; 2015; Matthijsse, S.; De Leeuw, E. D.; Hox, J.
- Are they willing to use the web? First results of a possible switch from PAPI to CAPI/CAWI in an establishment...; 2015; Ellguth, P.; Kohaut, S.
- GreenBook Research Industry Trends Report; 2015; Murphy, L. (Ed.)
- The role of gamification in better accessing reality and hence increasing data validity ; 2015; Bailey, P.; Kernohan, H.; Pritchard, G.
- Rewarding the Truth; 2015; Puleston, J.
- Impact of raising awareness of respondents on the measurement quality in a web survey; 2015; Revilla, M.
- Email subject lines and response rates to invitations to participate in a web survey and a face-to-face...; 2015; Sappleton, N.; Lourenco, F.
- Can a non-probabilistic online panel achieve question quality similar to that of the European Social...; 2015; Revilla, M.; Saris, W. E.; Loewe, G.; Ochoa, C.
- Mode Effects in Mixed-Mode Economic Surveys: Insights from a Randomized Experiment; 2015; Hsu, J. W.; McFall, B. H.
- Web-based survey, calibration, and economic impact assessment of spending in nature based recreation; 2015; Paudel, K. P., Devkota, N., Gyawali, B.
- The Influence of Answer Box Format on Response Behavior on List-Style Open-Ended Questions; 2014; Keusch, F.
- Improving Survey Response Rates in Online Panels Effects of Low-Cost Incentives and Cost-Free Text Appeal...; 2014; Pedersen, M. J., Nielsen, C. V.
- Matrix versus paging designs in a brand attribution task; 2014; Conrad, F. G., McCullough, W., Nishimura, R.
- Internet-Based Surveys: Methodological Issues; 2014; Albaum, G., Brockett, P., Golden, L., Han, V., Roster, C. A., Smith, S. M., Wiley, J. B.
- Use of a Google Map Tool Embedded in an Internet Survey Instrument: Is it a Valid and Reliable Alternative...; 2014; Dasgupta, S., Vaughan, A. S., Kramer, M. R., Sanchez, T. H., Sullivan, P. S.
- Sequential or Simultaneous Multi-Mode? Results from Two Large Surveys of Electric Utility Consumers; 2014; Jackson, C., Ledoux, C.
- Targeting the bias – the impact of mass media attention on sample composition and representativeness...; 2014; Steinmetz, S., Oez, F., Tijdens, K. G.
- Exploring selection biases for developing countries - is the web a promising tool for data collection...; 2014; Tijdens, K. G., Steinmetz, S.
- Measuring the very long, fuzzy tail in the occupational distribution in web-surveys; 2014; Tijdens, K. G.
- Moving answers with the GyroScale: Using the mobile device’s gyroscope for market research purposes...; 2014; Luetters, H., Kraus, M., Westphal, D.
- Clicking vs. Dragging: Different Uses of the Mouse and Their Implications for Online Surveys; 2014; Sikkel, D., Steenbergen, R., Gras, S.
- Innovation for television research - online surveys via HbbTV. A new technology with fantastic opportunities...; 2014; Herche, J., Adler, M.
- Online mobile surveys in Italy: coverage and other methodological challenges; 2014; Poggio, T.
- How Sliders Bias Survey Data; 2013; Sellers, R.
- Survey Research Response Rates: Internet Technology vs. Snail Mail ; 2013; Lanier, P. A., Tanner, J. R., Totaro, M. W., Gradnigo, G.
- The impact of New Zealand's 2008 prohibition of piperazine-based party pills on young people'...; 2013; Sheridan, J., Dong, C. Y., Butler, R., Barnes, J.
- How well do volunteer web panel surveys measure sensitive behaviours in the general population, and...; 2013; Erens, B., Burkill, S., Copas, A., Couper, M. P., Conrad, F.
- Effects of Gamification on Participation and Data Quality in a Real-World Market Research Domain ; 2013; Cechanowicz, J., Gutwin, C., Brownell, B., Goodfellow, L.
- Ideal participants in online market research: Lessons from closed communities; 2013; Heinze, A., Ferneley, E., Child, P.
- Online, face-to-face and telephone surveys—Comparing different sampling methods in wine consumer...; 2013; Szolnoki, G., Hoffmann, D.
- Where does the Fair Trade price premium go? Confronting consumers' request with reality; 2013; Langen, N., Adenaeuer, L.
- Customer satisfaction in Web 2.0 and information technology development; 2013; Sharma, G., Baoku, L.
- Research staff and public engagement: a UK study; 2013; Davies, S.